On the ice!

McMurdo is a strange cross between a mining town and college dorm for scientists and other interesting folks… mcm_pano

Zigmund Kermish

After many delays, some to be expected for a project this large and complex, others simply out of our control, SPIDER is finally in Antarctica! Our equipment all arrived on the continent a bit over a week ago and the team has been deploying in several waves. The first few waves actually beat a lot of the equipment here, so they had several days without much to do besides enjoy some hikes and take in the scenery. Once the cargo showed up, there was no shortage of tasks: unpacking, organization, setting up lab and computer benches and networks and of course reassembling the experiment. I arrived a few days back with the receiver assembly well underway.

I’ll have more posts about our work on the Ice shortly (the first bit of lingo one learns upon landing is that Antarctica is simply called “the Ice” by locals), but I wanted to start by writing about getting there and share my first impressions upon arrival.

This is my first time deploying to Antarctica, and while I’ve heard a lot about it from friends and colleagues who’ve deployed to the South Pole and collaborators on SPIDER who’ve launched previous balloon campaigns, nothing can quite prepare you for it.

The fun starts with the process of getting to Antarctica. First you take a series of commercial flights out to Christchurch, New Zealand where the United States Antarctica Program (USAP) is based. Once there, you get issued extreme cold weather gear, watch some orientation videos, and kill some time until your flight to the Ice. If you’re lucky, your flight is the day after you’ve been issued your gear. If the weather doesn’t cooperate, you could be stuck for a few days.

The flight itself is one of the coolest flights I’ve ever been on. They fly us down in massive military aircraft; either a C-17 or C-130. I got to fly down in a C-17 which apparently is the way to go because they’re faster, taking about half the time, and they have the larger cargo bay. We sat in jump seats along the wall while a bunch of cargo, including a helicopter took up the majority space for our flight down.

The views from one of the four windows on the plane are also pretty intense once you’re above the Ice.

c17_view3

 

Pretty epic views on the way there. It's difficult to tell the scale of the mountains in the left photo given how much snow has pilled up. On the right, you can see what I think is a bit of the unfrozen ocean.

Pretty epic views on the way there. It’s difficult to tell the scale of the mountains in the left photo given how much snow has pilled up. On the right, you can see what I think is a bit of the unfrozen ocean.

After landing and being given a few seconds to take in the impressive view and enjoy the cold shock, we’re loaded into a large vehicle with insane tires that drives a handful of miles an hour to start our journey to McMurdo base.

Landing on the Ice. We're offloaded from the C-17 and onto an intimidating transport vehicle called the Cress (I didn't have a chance to snap a good photo). Over my left shoulder is Thomas. This is something like his 14th season down working on precise GPS systems with various scientific applications; there are a lot of Ice addicts, apparently.

Landing on the Ice. We’re offloaded from the C-17 and onto an intimidating transport vehicle called the Cress (I didn’t have a chance to snap a good photo). Over my left shoulder is Thomas. This is something like his 14th season down working on precise GPS systems with various scientific applications; there are a lot of Ice addicts, apparently.

McMurdo is a strange cross between a mining town and college dorm for scientists and other interesting folks working in various support roles (cooks, technicians, riggers, firemen, drivers, pilots, etc) many choosing to make their way to the end of the world. The place is amazingly livable given the location. We have running water, reliable power, internet and a lot of effort seems to be put into maintaining a healthy docket of leisure activities. McMurdo sits on a currently frozen bay, which makes for a stunning view.

mcm_pano

A panorama shot from McMurdo. Most of the station is behind me, but the view of the frozen sea is amazing.

My work is actually carried out at the long duration ballooning facility (LDB). Two highbays and several other buildings are setup at the start of each season to support the payload integration work and prepare for launches. We have our own galley for lunch, and the food has been amazing so far. The views are also impressive. I try to get a good shot every day on my walk in, but it seems cameras (or my skills with a camera) can’t do justice to the shimmering reflections coming off the features along the vast horizon.

erebus

A better shot of Mt. Erebus. It’s actually an active volcano. That wisp of smoke you see near the top isn’t a cloud, but rather a puff from the volcano.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged , | Comments Off on On the ice!

Closing up SPIDER

Jon Gudmundsson, PhD CandidateSPIDER is a balloon-borne instrument that will be launched in December and will fly above Antarctica, its telescopes and cameras turned toward the skies to observe the faint signatures left over from the Big Bang.

SPIDER’s telescopes need to operate at very cold temperatures, so they are housed in a large, liquid helium-cooled “cryostat,” an apparatus for maintaining a very low temperature. Built at Princeton, the cryostat is known to the researchers as “Theo” (although they haven’t yet said why).  Theo holds nearly 1200 liters of liquid helium, enough to last through a 20 day flight before it all boils off and the system warms up.

In this post, the SPIDER team has installed the science instruments at the heart of the cryostat, and now they must seal everything with multiple layers of cryogenic shielding. This time-lapse video shows two days of closing up the SPIDER cryostat reduced to a 5 minute video.

Posted in Uncategorized | Comments Off on Closing up SPIDER

Getting to the Ice

Edward Young, Graduate Student

Edward Young, Graduate Student

You know it’s time to leave a party when people start talking about the weather. No one cares. But every time we met a fellow traveler in Christchurch, New Zealand, the question was “How’s the weather in McMurdo? Have you heard anything new? Is it still ‘condition 1?'”

The United States Antarctic Program (USAP) flies their personnel into Christchurch, New Zealand, on commercial airlines. Typically, travelers spend 24 hours in Christchurch, where they acquire their winter gear and wait for their plane to McMurdo Station, the main U.S. station in Antarctica. We didn’t get the typical experience.

The weather early in the season is erratic, and this year it was especially bad. Flights are supposed to fly to the ice everyday. A flight landed in McMurdo, Antarctica our first day in Christchurch, giving us hope that we’d fly the next day. We got our gear and spent a relaxed day in the Botanic Gardens, soaking in our last bit of green. We packed our bags at night, ready to fly out the next day.

Day 2 4:45 am: “Good morning. Your flight has been delayed for 24 hours.” Awesome, an extra day in Christchurch!

We went for a hike up the mountains overlooking Christchurch, surrounded by the pastoral beauty that is stereotypical of New Zealand. The hills were littered with sheep lazily gnawing on grass. That evening, we repacked our bags, excited to get to Antarctica.

Day 3 4:45 am: “Good morning. Your flight has been delayed 24 hours.” Oh well. Can’t complain about an extra day.

Exploring the city again was pleasant. We picked up a wheel of cheese for the ice. We met some awesome locals. We ran into a Federal Aviation Administration official heading down to Antarctica.

“Hey, are we flying tomorrow?”
“Doesn’t seem like it. The landing strip has been in condition 1 for days. Zero visibility. High winds.”
“Ugh.”

With false optimism, we packed our bags again.

Day 4 4:45 am: “Good morning. Your flight has been delayed 24 hours.” Ugh.

We made the best of a bad situation and got a lesson in kite boarding. The same winds that kept us from leaving dragged us across the beach. Tired, we bussed back to the hotel, ate, packed, and slept.

Days and days passed over us, and each night we went to bed with a little less optimism. Each morning we were awoken by a hotel concierge suffering from his own ennui, calling the same 50 people telling them the same message. We were waiting for our own Godot.

Day 8 5:00 am: Alarm goes off. Wait. No phone call! I throw everything into my bag and run downstairs to catch the bus to the airport. There we get a final orientation and load onto the C17. This thing is so big, it is used to transport a helicopter to Antarctica.

c17_pano

A jet engine and helicopter are strapped inside the C17. Photo by Zigmund Kermish.

We are strapped into our seats and the plane gently takes off. Once we’re at altitude, the seatbelt light turns off, and we can wander around. We’re allowed to enter the cockpit and talk to the crew. People lie down on the ground and sleep the entire flight. Out the window, we can see ice flows. Visibility is infinite.

Six hours later, we strap ourselves back onto the walls and begin our descent. We touch down, gather our things, and the doors open. The Antarctic sun fills the cabin and the dry, frozen air bites at our faces. We set foot on the ice. The weather is perfect.

Edit Nov 10 17:57 – I wrote that the C17 is the largest military transport plane. That is incorrect. The C5 holds that honor.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged , | Comments Off on Getting to the Ice

SPIDER researcher Jamil Shariff interviewed on CBC Radio

A few hours before departing for Antarctica, Jamil Shariff, a PhD candidate in the Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of Toronto, talked about the upcoming trip with Canadian Broadcasting Corporation’s Matt Galloway. Listen to it here.

Posted in Uncategorized | Comments Off on SPIDER researcher Jamil Shariff interviewed on CBC Radio

On to Antarctica!

With the SPIDER hardware having made its way safely to McMurdo Station, the scientists are now on their way to the frozen continent.

The first group left their home institutions a week ago today. Graduate students Anne Gambrel and Edward Young from Princeton University, and Steve Benton from the University of Toronto, traveled over thirty hours to reach Christchurch, New Zealand, their final stop before Antarctica (a.k.a. “the Ice”).  There, the United States Antarctic Program provided them with the Extreme Cold Weather equipment that they will need to take with them to McMurdo.  A Boeing C-17 was scheduled to take them to Antarctica the very next day.  But as is common this early in the Austral spring, the Antarctic weather had other plans!  The team is still in New Zealand awaiting conditions for a safe flight to the station.

Meanwhile, another seven scientists packed their bags and took off for Christchurch.  Princeton Assistant Professor and SPIDER Principal Investigator William Jones left the Garden State late this morning with Postdoctoral Research Associate Jon Gudmundsson and graduate student Sasha Rahlin, both also from Princeton, while University of Toronto graduate students Natalie Gandilo and Jamil Shariff, Caltech Postdoctoral Scholar Lorenzo Moncelsi, and Case Western Reserve University graduate student Johanna Nagy, have been making their respective ways from Toronto, Los Angeles, and Cleveland.  Will they overlap with Anne, Ed, and Steve in New Zealand?  Stay tuned!

And here’s to hoping that the next update will be from the Ice!

Posted in Uncategorized | Comments Off on On to Antarctica!

SPIDER Arrives on the Ice

The SPIDER flight cryostat (Theo) has arrived at McMurdo station. Mr. Shrinkwrap appears to have done a great job (see photos below).

The first wave of scientists departs from the U.S. this coming Thursday.  Excitement is building!

Posted in Uncategorized | Comments Off on SPIDER Arrives on the Ice

SPIDER Video

Princeton University Office of Communications

Posted in Uncategorized | Comments Off on SPIDER Video

Far above Antarctica, Princeton’s ‘spacecraft’ seeks traces of the early universe

by Morgan Kelly, Princeton University Office of Communications

Assembled or taken apart, SPIDER exhibits such size and complexity that it’s hard to believe how William Jones, a Princeton University assistant professor of physics, so easily accepts that the instrument will likely never be seen again in one piece. Then again, the arduous trip awaiting the enormous orb — which will ascend far above Antarctica to capture images of the early universe’s remnants — leaves little room to hope for its safe return.

Constructed primarily in Princeton’s Jadwin Hall, SPIDER is a stratospheric spacecraft that in December will begin a 20-day orbit in Earth’s stratosphere at an altitude of roughly 110,000 feet. During that period, SPIDER’s six large cameras will look for the pattern, or polarization, of gravitational waves produced by the fluctuation of energy and density that resulted from the Big Bang.

Continue reading

Posted in Uncategorized | Comments Off on Far above Antarctica, Princeton’s ‘spacecraft’ seeks traces of the early universe